Increased mRNA expression of LC3B and protein expression of LC3BII and Parkin, decreased mRNA expression of Parkin and PINK1 in CC vs. CNC patients (P < 0.05). No change regarding Beclin‐1, p62, BNIP3, and Nix (autophagy/mitophagy markers). This evidence concerns the gene BECN1 and Carney complex.