More specifically, intestinal infections have been reported to promote the production of IL-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), B-cell activating factor (BAFF), and TNF superfamily member 13 (TNFSF13, also known as APRIL) by intestinal epithelial, dendritic, and stromal cells, which have an essential role in stimulating the class switch of B-cells via the T-cell-independent pathway 86,98. The gene discussed is TNFSF13; the disease is digestive system infectious disorder.