AKT1 and renal cell carcinoma: Western blotting results showed that activation of PI3K (“p-p85”), mTORC1 (“p-S6K1”), and mTORC2 (“p-Akt at Ser-473”) was inhibited by VS-5584 treatment (5 μM, 2 h) in A498 and primary human RCC cells (Figure 3A).