In the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model, kaempferol, a flavanol from Kaempferia galanga L, decreased the plasma level of TNF-α by 33%, 43%, and 48%, and that of IL-1β by 46%, 43%, and 37% at doses of 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg, respectively [93]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and gastric ulcer.