TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Furthermore, Gyp extracts exhibited a hepato-protective effect on T2DM-NAFLD by down-regulating the mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor κB (NFκB), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARγ), and cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) [30].