The first targeted therapy successes in oncogene-driven cancers were specific to single cancer histologies (eg, BCR-ABL translocations in chronic myelogenous leukemia1; ERBB2 gene amplification in breast cancer2; BRAF mutations in melanoma3; and EGFR mutations and ALK translocations in lung adenocarcinoma4,5). This evidence concerns the gene ABL1 and cancer.