In 2014, Lim et al. first found highly frequent MED12 exon 2 mutations in FA (58/98, 59%) using exome analysis.22 The MED12 gene, located on the X chromosome, encodes MED12 protein, a member of the multiprotein mediator complex that regulates transcription of all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes.35 Reportedly, up to 60% of FA, 80% of benign and borderline PT and 40% of malignant PT harbours somatic mutations in exon 2 of the MED12 gene,10–13,22–27 which suggests that FA and PT have much more in common in their origin or development than previously thought. The gene discussed is MED12; the disease is Friedreich ataxia.