Landi and colleagues [42] compared the plasma cytokine levels of 100 ME/CFS of long duration to 79 controls and found reductions in 3 out of 31 cytokines measured (IL-7, IL-16, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, VEGF-A) while Hornig et al. observed that early ME/CFS cases (duration ≤ 3 years) showed statistically significant differences in comparison to controls for more than half of the 51 cytokines analyzed [10]. The gene discussed is IL16; the disease is myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.