From 59 T2D patients, high-carbohydrate, high-fat, and high-protein diets were found to increase counts of Clostridium clusters IV and XI and decreased counts of Bifidobacterium species, order Lactobacillales, and Clostridium cluster IV in gut; therefore, fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production was decreased subsequently, leading to metabolic disorders, which increased the blood insulin levels and insulin resistance (Yamaguchi et al., 2016). Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.