JAK2 and myelodysplastic syndrome: Genomic instability is a hallmark of cancer, and high rates of genomic instability are present in other myeloid malignancies containing activated tyrosine kinase pathways, such as BCR/ABL in chronic myeloid leukemia, JAK2 in myeloproliferative neoplasias, and RAS mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes (45).