Moreover, in monocytic AML, blasts produce high amounts of ROS via NADP oxidase (NOX) and thereby induce apoptosis in adjacent NK cells, and in CD4 and CD8 T-cells, through poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1), and a subsequent ineffective anti-leukemic adaptive response (26). Here, PARP1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.