INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Also, higher consumptions of fruit and whole grain in individuals in the first quartile of LCD led to have higher intake of fiber, polyphenols (such as flavonoids) and antioxidant compounds such as carotenoids, vitamins C, and E. These compounds may decrease risk of type 2 diabetes in subjects of the lowest quartile of LCD by mitigating the oxidative stress, improving endothelial function and insulin sensitivity [39, 40].