INS and Obesity: To estimate the effect of Ss infection on pancreatic hormones (C-peptide, Insulin, and Glucagon), incretins (Ghrelin, GIP, and GLP-1) and adipokines (adiponectin, adipsin, resistin, leptin, visfatin, and PAI-1) in obesity, we assessed the levels of aforesaid parameters in INF and UN study participants.