First, by comparison of patients in the PARADIGM-HF trial with higher NT-proBNP versus lower NT-proBNP (or NYHA functional class I and II vs NYHA functional class III and IV), in which patients with less severe or advanced HF had 2 to 3 times longer event-free survival than patients with more severe or advanced HF. Here, NPPB is linked to hydrops fetalis.