Similarly, in adipose and liver tissue, disruption of the insulin signaling IRS‐PI3K‐Akt axis leads to severe glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, as described by many INSR, IRS, and Akt knockout studies investigating their effects on proximal insulin signaling and body glucose homeostasis (Tables 1 and 2). The gene discussed is IARS1; the disease is Glucose intolerance.