IFNA1 and systemic lupus erythematosus: The strong connection to the JAK-STAT pathway, including the IFN system, is perhaps not surprising given the promising clinical trials of JAK and type I interferon receptor inhibition as treatments for SLE.38 43 44 However, not all patients in these studies respond to treatment, and dissecting affected molecular pathways in responders and non-responders could increase the understanding of treatment outcome.