LDHC and hepatocellular carcinoma: ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity, specificity and AUC of serum LDHC mRNA in distinguishing early-stage HCC patients from healthy controls were 83.3%, 76.5%, and 0.8382 (youden index = 0.598), respectively (Figure 3C); and the AUC of exosomal LDHC in distinguishing early-stage HCC patients from healthy controls reached 0.9451, under which the sensitivity and specificity were estimated to be 88.2% and 93.3%, respectively (youden index = 0.816) (Figure 3F).