ATM and cancer: Loss-of-function mutations in DNA double strand breaks (DBS) repair-related genes such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM), Breast Cancer 1/2 (BRCA1/2), Cyclin Dependent Kinase 12 (CDK12) are detected more prevalently in metastatic PCa than localized PCa, suggesting critical roles of these genes in the transition towards metastatic state [12].