Since IgA was associated directly with risk of infection in RV144 vaccinees, functions enhanced by this isotype might have a dispensable role in protective immunity; however, the importance of other IgA types such as secretory IgA in mucosal areas would need to be analyzed in future vaccine trials with available mucosal samples to comprehensively decipher the role of IgA. The gene discussed is CD79A; the disease is infection.