MA concurrent with UPEC‐UTI markedly increased expression of cytokine (TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6) and chemokine (CXCL 1, 2, and 5) mRNA in isolated kidney CD cells and kidney neutrophil infiltrates were increased four‐ to fivefold compared to normal, UPEC‐infected mice. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is bacterial urinary tract infection.