Plasma IL-6 and TNF-α have been proved to increase in patients with OSA [30, 103–107], and this increase of inflammation cytokines was even not improved by CPAP therapy [103, 108, 109], suggesting the inflammation seems not coming from IH only, which may be partially attributed to gut microbiota dysbiosis and destruction of intestinal epithelium barrier. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.