There are rare examples of autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune diabetes, presenting before the age of 6 months but these are caused either by highly penetrant pathogenic variants in immune genes such as FOXP3, STAT3 and LRBA [2, 3, 12] or, as for neonatal lupus, by passive transfer of pathogenic maternal antibodies [13]. The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is autoimmune disease.