Based on all the data above, we can predict that L5–6_Fezf2_Tle4_Abo, L3_Cux2_Prss12, L2_Cux2_Lamp5, and L2–3_Cux2_Frem3 subtypes, as well as Vip_Cbln1, Pvalb_Sulf1, Sst_Tac1, and Id2_Lamp5 subtypes are most affected by epilepsy subtypes of principal neurons and interneurons, respectively (Fig. 8a and Source Data Table 20). The gene discussed is FREM3; the disease is epilepsy.