More importantly, activation of the EGFR pathway in turn induces upregulation of PD-L1 in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells by alternative mechanisms, including the IL-6/Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)368 and ERK1/2/c-Jun307 signal transduction pathways. Here, STAT3 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.