AR and posterior cortical atrophy: Unfortunately, this effect is often limited, ranging from months to a few years.524,525 This is mainly due to the potential of PCa cells to adjust to ADTs, reflected in the re-activation of AR-mediated signaling through various mechanisms, including functional residual androgens, genomic amplification of the AR locus, AR ligand-binding domain mutations, and AR splice variants.54,524,525 All these result in the same outcome: a more aggressive form of PCa known as CRPC526 (Fig. 5).