INS and gestational diabetes: This finding highlights that participation in high sedentary behavior may outweigh the benefit of engaging in high PA in relation to the risk of GDM. Similarly, a recent study by Dieberger et al. (2020) [49] also found that overweight and obese pregnant women with more sedentary time had higher fasting glucose, insulin level, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion than women with less sedentary time and this association could be due to the glucose-insulin axis effect [49].