Combining brain natriuretic peptide, creatinine, urine output, and other novel biomarkers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C, which have been identified as potential biomarkers of CI-AKI [53, 54], can improve early diagnostic precision for CI-AKI. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is acute kidney injury.