This connection could also be extrapolated to genes that constitute the TS regulatory network, such as FOSL1, which regulates pemetrexed resistance in coordination with EMT-TF ZEB1.22 Therefore, a more inclusive biomarker signature needs to incorporate EMT genes and downstream genes like FOSL1, in addition to TS, for robust prediction of response to pemetrexed in NSCLC.35 This evidence concerns the gene TYMS and non-small cell lung carcinoma.