IL3 and myelodysplastic syndrome: Moreover, engraftment of MDS-L and onset of disease was accelerated in NOD-scid Il2Rγ−/− (NSGS) mice expressing human cytokines (IL-3, GM-CSF, and SCFA) as compared to NSG, suggesting that cytokine-dependent signals are required for the leukemic cell properties of MDS-L cells in vitro and in vivo.