HMGB1 and cancer: Furthermore, polymorphisms of HMGB1 have been associated with many cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) [21,22], lung cancer [23,24,25,26], breast cancer [27,28,29], gastric cancer [30], hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [31,32], and colorectal cancer (CRC) [33], and it was suggested that the SNPs of HMGB1 may provide a potential biomarker for predicting cancer risk, tumor development, or chemotherapy responses [21,25,27,31].