MAPK14 and neoplasm: Mechanistically, the alternative pathway of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation (via the phosphorylation of Tyr323 (pY323) on p38) contributes to the induction of Th17 cells in PDAC and a high proportion of tumor-infiltrating Th17 cells displayed p38-pY323 positivity, which correlated with aggressive disease in humans.