With reference to the predictive value of epigenetic changes in treatment response, the most representative example is MGMT (O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase) hypermethylation in gliomas, which represents the best independent predictor of response to carmustine and temozolomide, since MGMT hypermethylation renders tumor cells more sensitive to treatments and is associated with regression of tumor and prolonged overall survival [136,137]. The gene discussed is MGMT; the disease is glioma.