Clinical indications for this suggestion are that in sepsis key immunosuppressive mechanisms were shown to be upregulated already at the onset of sepsis (within 24 h: upregulation of IL-10 serum levels (35), lymphopenia and T-cell dysfunction (in septic shock) (42), increase of serum levels of MDSCs (3); within 3–5 days: relative increase and activation of Tregs (38, 43)) and remain throughout the development of chronic critical illness (3, 34, 35, 38). Here, IL10 is linked to Sepsis.