Indeed, their expression significantly increased from 4.23 ± 0.1, 3.34 ± 0.37, and 5.32 ± 0.43 to 7.45 ± 0.43, 6.84 ± 0.12, and 7.82 ± 0.22, respectively, for ABL1, MAPK14, and MAPK1 gene expression in normal brain tissue compared to GBM tissue (Fig. 3 and Table S1). This evidence concerns the gene ABL1 and glioblastoma.