There were statistically significant differences between the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group in tumor size (7.3 ± 3.7 versus 5.8 ± 2.9 cm, p = 0.041), cyst characteristics (unilocular versus multilocular, p = 0.041), initial CA125 level (99.3 ± 79.4 versus 68.8 ± 82.9 U/mL, p = 0.037), and history of previous surgery for ovarian endometrioma (p = 0.009). The gene discussed is MUC16; the disease is cyst.