In the non-transformed tissue surrounding tumor, IL32 expression was directly and independently associated with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory IL10R, consistent with the activity ascribed to IL-32β in the colon [47], or with antiapoptotic BCLxL. As others have shown that colonic cancer cells respond to IL-32 with induction of apoptosis [44], those results might indicate that IL-32 plays distinct roles at stages preceding neoplastic transformation than in already transformed cells. Here, IL10RA is linked to colonic neoplasm.