NF-κB signaling plays an important role in the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines and can induce premature birth during an infection.[19] The Q-PCR results showed that NF-κB p65 mRNA was significantly increased in GDM placentas compared with the normal group (normal = 0.60 ± 0.20, GDM = 1.93 ± 0.40, n = 3 in each group. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and gestational diabetes.