During AD pathogenesis, Peli1 expression was elevated, presumably through the activation of TLRs signaling in microglia, which increased Peli1 protein associated with the transcription factor C/EBPβ and functioned as its direct E3 ubiquitin ligase to mediate the ubiquitination and degradation of C/EBPβ. Here, PELI1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.