In this phase 1 trial that enrolled 41 patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer, toripalimab exhibited encouraging antitumor activity and manageable safety, with median progression-free survival of 11.2, 2.3, and 2.8 months, stratified by PD-L1 tumor proportion scores of at least 50%, 1% to 49%, and less than 1%, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.