Conversely, a prospective cross-sectional study of patients with primary glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy and other conditions did not find a correlation between urinary transferrin and rate of change in estimated creatinine clearance (35), suggesting that further study is needed to determine the impact of an increased filtered load of transferrin on renal function and parenchymal injury in lupus and other forms of proteinuric renal disease. Here, TF is linked to diabetic kidney disease.