SNCA and multiple system atrophy: Similarly, overexpression of human wild-type α-synuclein in oligodendroglial cell lines (Stefanova et al., 2005; Kragh et al., 2009) or in vivo (Kahle et al., 2002; Shults et al., 2005; Yazawa et al., 2005; Stemberger et al., 2010) results in the formation of fibrillar α-synuclein forms, which may cause toxicity in oligodendrocytes and/or in neurons (in the animal models) or increase cell susceptibility to oxidative stress, thus recapitulating many features of MSA.