NER dysfunction causes a syndrome called Xeroderma Pigmentosum, where the lack of any one of the eight NER and TLS genes (XPA-XPG and XPV) compromises DNA damage repair and tolerance at different stages, leading to a higher sensitivity to UV-light and increased susceptibility to skin cancer (Oh et al., 2011). The gene discussed is ERCC5; the disease is xeroderma pigmentosum.