Studies of atopic eczema have shown that the cellular component of Malassezia affects the expression of a C-type lectin receptor gene, dectin-1, which results in aggravation of the disease, as measured by increased IL-6/IL-8 gene expression and β-hexosaminidase, histamine, and tryptase release (Ribbing et al., 2011). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is atopic eczema.