When compared to chemotherapy, nivolumab plus ipilimumab as first-line treatment is cost-effective in advanced NSCLC patients with PD-L1 ≥ 50%, PD-L1 ≥ 1% or a high TMB but is not cost-effective in PD-L1 <1% population in view of US payers. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.