When challenged to different pathological conditions, α1-mutant mice present reduced psoriasis (290), accelerated aging-dependent osteoarthritis (288), diminished bone fracture healing (291), severe hepatic insulin resistance and lower hepatic fat accumulation upon a high fat diet (292), and increased glomerulosclerosis in diabetic mice (293) (Table 4). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is glomerulosclerosis.