The expression of cmvIL-10, encoded by the UL111A gene, during productive HCMV infection is known to upregulate host IL-10 production in monocytes via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is cytomegalovirus infection.