CD4 and infection: Here we found that infection of whole blood of HIV-ART patients with MVA significantly downregulated CCR5 in B cells (p = 0.001), HLA-DRbright DCs (p = 0.012), HLA-DRhigh DCs (p = 0.016), pDCs (p = 0.008), CD4+ T cells (p = 0.008), and CD8+ T cells (p = 0.008) (Figure 3A).