The results showed that 5-Aza, DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, has a potential therapeutic effect on anesthesia induced memory impairment through affecting the methylation status of Arc, Bdnf and Reln. Moreover, 5-Aza has also been reported to induce demethylation by blocking DNMT enzyme activity at Arc promoter in rat hippocampus (Singh et al., 2015), Bdnf promoter I in mouse Neuro-2a cells (Ishimaru et al., 2010), Reln promoter in NT-2 neuronal precursor cells (Kundakovic et al., 2009), and restore recognition memory consolidation in ovariectomized mice (Zhao et al., 2010). Here, BDNF is linked to memory impairment.