APP and Alzheimer disease: Nevertheless, other neurotoxic peptides derived from APP processing like Carboxyl-terminal fragments (Lauritzen et al., 2019), the AICD-amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain (Konietzko, 2012) or the secreted APP ectodomain- sAPPα and (Ishida et al., 1997) which impact synaptic plasticity and are increasingly detected in early AD patients (Perneczky et al., 2013, 2014) could also be involved.