Hsp70, for example, has been used as a marker of cell stress in epilepsy (Hu et al., 2019), and the upregulation of Hsp70 in these conditions is not without good reason: high expression of Hsp70 has been found to be neuroprotective in rat motoneurons experiencing excitotoxicity (Shabbir et al., 2015). Here, HSPA1A is linked to epilepsy.