With systematic investigation of the top-expressed miRNA profiles, we found that exosomal miRNAs are involved in various biological processes and molecular functions, including apoptosis, dopaminergic synapse, neurotrophin signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, suggesting regulatory roles in the neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia injury. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is brain ischemia.